Nazi Era and the Holocaust

This topic covers National Socialism, the Second World War, and the Holocaust. From 1933 to 1945, the NSDAP under Adolf Hitler ruled Germany as a dictatorship. Basic rights and democracy were abolished, and political opponents were persecuted. From 1939, Nazi Germany fought the Second World War, and during the war the Holocaust systematically murdered around six million European Jews.

For the test, the key years matter: 1933 (start of Nazi rule), 1938 (the November pogroms), 1939 (start of the Second World War), and 1945 (end of the war). You should also be able to reliably place basic terms such as dictatorship, persecution, concentration camp, and Holocaust.

A common trap: 1938, 1939, and 1945 sit close together and are easy to mix up. 1938 stands for the November pogroms (attacks on synagogues and Jewish-owned shops), 1939 for the start of the war with the invasion of Poland, and 1945 for the end of the war. Some questions also assume you know the difference between the persecution of political opponents and the systematic murder of the Jewish population in the Holocaust. Both belong to the Nazi era, but they are not the same thing.